Read on Twitter
Continuing our #BAMUCOVIDSeries, we'll take a look at how COVID is diagnosed and what a "positive" test means! #BAMUAcademics
COVID is usually detected using a method called RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction). This is a common method of measuring genetic material of viruses or other pathogens to detect its presence in the body.
Source: International Atomic Energy Agency
Source: International Atomic Energy Agency
RT-PCR detects RNA sequences specific to COVID-19. These genes can then be measured using fluorescence dyes.
Source: Jin et al., Viruses (2020)
Source: Jin et al., Viruses (2020)
How is RT-PCR done?
(1) Samples are taken from the nose/throat
(2) RNA collected is converted into DNA in a process called reverse transcription (RT).
(3) DNA is amplified 35 times (~35 billion copies!) for more accurate detection. This is called polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
(1) Samples are taken from the nose/throat
(2) RNA collected is converted into DNA in a process called reverse transcription (RT).
(3) DNA is amplified 35 times (~35 billion copies!) for more accurate detection. This is called polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
(4) Fluorescent probes glow when it binds to telltale COVID-19 DNA
(5) Machines measure the amount of fluorescence. If it hits a certain threshold, the test is positive.
Source: Howard Hughes Medical Institute
(5) Machines measure the amount of fluorescence. If it hits a certain threshold, the test is positive.
Source: Howard Hughes Medical Institute
There are also alternative tests that use antigens (proteins on the surface of the virus) on COVID-19 to detect its presence. These are currently being developed to be used as over-the-counter tests and aren't as common.
BUT, false negatives are still possible! Prevention is the most effective thing we can do during these times. Remember to keep a safe distance and wear a mask!
Our next topic will cover COVID-19 vaccines. Until next time!
-admin P
#BAMUAcademics #BAMUCOVIDSeries
Our next topic will cover COVID-19 vaccines. Until next time!
-admin P
#BAMUAcademics #BAMUCOVIDSeries
